MDF, NDF and LDF

MDF: it's a data file, store the actual data with .mdf extension 
Store the permanent data.

NDF: it's secondary  data file, consist  of data and user defined  objects.


Primary data files
Primary data file is the starting point of the database. It points to the other files in the database. Therefore, every database has one primary data file. Also, all the data in the database objects (tables, stored procedures, views, triggers.. etc.) are stored in the primary data files. The recommended and the most common file name extension for primary data files is .mdf. 

Secondary data files
You can only have one primary data file for a database. Rest made up by secondary data files. But its not necessary to have a secondary data file. Therefore some databases may not have any secondary data file. But its also possible to have multiple secondary data files for a single database. .ndf is usually recommended to denote secondary data files. It’s also possible to store the secondary data file in a separate physical drive than the one which primary data file is stored. 

Log files
Log files in SQL Server databases hold all the log information. Those information can be later used to recover the database. Size of the log file is determined by the logging level you have set up on the database.  There must be at least one log file for each database. But it is also possible to have more than one log file for a single database. The recommended file name extension for log files is .ldf. 

PTE ACADEMIC Essay writing Question- 2

Parents should teach children about the importance of money. Do you agree or disagree. Give your own reasons and include examples from your knowledge and experience.

Sample response

There is no denying the fact that money plays a crucial role in our lives. Children are too young to fully understand the value of money or its significance in our lives. However, it still makes sense for parents to make them money wise from an early age.

Habits learned during childhood will stay with them for the rest of their lives. So, if parents can teach children how important it is for them to use their money wisely, they will become responsible spenders as they grow up.

Money may or may not be the root cause of all evil, but the truth is that we can’t live without money. Little children ask for just about everything they see. They don’t understand the financial difficulties involved in obtaining the objects of their fancy. They don’t understand the hard work their parents put in to earn the money necessary to provide them a comfortable living. By teaching children about the importance of money, parents can foster a sense of appreciation in them.

Parents can teach the importance of money in several ways. They can take the children along when they go shopping. This simple act teaches them that if they need something, they have to pay for it. Parents can cultivate saving habits in their children by gifting them a piggy bank where they can deposit their pocket money. Giving children monetary rewards for doing simple tasks around the house is another way of making them money wise. For example, if the children help dad in the garage or mom in the garden, parents can reward their time and effort by giving them a few pennies. This helps children learn many valuable lessons. They learn that to earn they have to work hard. This also helps them appreciate the value of labor.

I wasn’t raised by rich parents, but they were responsible people who knew how to live within their means. When we were kids, we didn’t have many luxuries. My parents, nonetheless, worked hard and made sure that we led a comfortable life and received the best education. It was the wise spending habits that I learned from my parents during my childhood that stood by me when I started living on my own.

To conclude, parents should teach children about money. This helps them acquire many life skills which will stand them in good stead when they start living on their own. Children who are involved in the financial matters of the family from an early age learn to appreciate their parents’ hard work. They also recognize the importance of spending money wisely.

PTE Academic Essay writing -1

Topic

These days many fathers stay at home and take care of their children while mothers go out to work. What could be the reason for this? Do you think it is a positive or a negative development?

Sample response

Thanks to widespread women’s rights movements, more and more women have become the breadwinners for their family while their husbands stay at home looking after the kids. In my opinion, this is the result of an extreme, yet naïve ideology that has created an imbalance in many families.

Organised groups which call for absolute equality between men and women are often shallow minded. Many such groups make illogical demands such as giving both couples exactly equal and reversible rights and responsibilities. In theory, this sounds fair and square. However, when you look at the details, it is not hard to see that this arrangement paralyzes both men and women by reversing their natural roles.

Improper allocation of roles puts exceedingly high pressure on women, and renders men’s roles rather ineffective. When women are the primary breadwinners for the family, they cannot afford to take long maternity leaves. Not only because such holidays may be unpaid, but also because they need to progress in their jobs to support their expanding family.

It is a well-known fact that mothers develop better bonds with new born babies. In addition, babies need to be breastfed multiple times during the day. This will not be possible if the mother has a demanding job that requires her to be away from the child for long hours. Therefore, it is counter-productive for the father to be the main caretaker. That said, it is indeed productive for the man to help with raising kids. The woman should also work to secure the financial future of the family.

In short, it is plausible for partners to share their domestic responsibilities, but an arrangement where mothers earn a living and fathers stay at home is way too extreme.

PTE Short answers

1)What kind of punishment is less severe, an imprisonment or community service ?
Ans:community service

2)In a figure of hexagonal, how many sides does it have ?
Ans:six

3)What key minerals makes sea water different from fresh water ?
Ans:salt

4)Which is a longest, a decade, a millennium or a century?
Ans:A Millennium 

5)How many sides are there in a bilateral agreement ?
Ans:two

6)What organs do cardiologist specialist in ?
Ans:Heart

7)In the animal kingdom, the purpose of camouflage to attract a mate, to find food or to hide ?
Ans:to hide

8)How do we weight butterfly ?
Ans:It is Grams

9)What Dermatology specialized in ?
Ans:Skin - Baldness & Hair

10)What is Hematology relates to ?
Ans:blood test

11)What is Orthopedic relates to ?
Ans:Joints, Knee, bones

12)What is term Neuro-Psych ?
Ans:brain injury or mental health

13)What is term Immunology ?
Ans:Immune related, HIV/AIDS

14)What is term Otolaryngology ?
Ans: ENT- Ear - Nose & Throat

SSIS Error: process cannot access the file 'ssisproject.ispac' because it is being used by another process.

I have got this message after I tried to run my package again and again after it was frozen.
This happened when Visual Studio crashes during run-time. If we kill Visual studio then the SSIS Debug Host will still be active locking the ISPAC file.

ERROR:
System.IO.IOException: The process cannot access the file 'E:\Comp_Optimizer\Solution\..................PATH.......ispac' because it is being used by another process.  

Solution:

Open the Task Manager (Ctrl + Shift + Esc) and locate "SSIS DebugHost" under Processes and end that process.

How to fix: The program cant start because MSVCR110 dll is missing from your computer

Today I am going to help you to resolve how to fix below error message when Start/Shutdown or login/logout screen.

It is really bad experience as a User. I faced this issue today on my computer and I am going to share how I resolve this on my computer.

The Program can't start because MSVCR110.dll is missing from your computer. Try reinstalling the program to fix this problem.

Microsoft Explains this issue as MSVCR110.dll is the Microsoft Visual C++ Redistributable dll that is needed for projects built with Visual Studio 2011. The dll letters spell this out.

MS = Microsoft, V = Visual, C = C++, R = Redistributable

For Winroy to get started, this file is probably needed.

This error appears when you wish to run a software which require the Microsoft Visual C++ Redistributable 2012. 

This can be downloaded on the Microsoft website as x86 or x64 edition. Depending on the software you wish to install you need to install either the 32 bit or the 64 bit version. Refer the following link:

http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=30679#

FAQ on Power Bank ..!

1) What’s power bank?
Power bank serve as an ‘extra battery’ or external charger for your phone or other electronic devices.


2) Where is power bank made from?
Majority of the power banks in the market are actually made in China.


3) How do I charge the power bank?
You can charge your power bank via the charger that came with your phone, computer usb port or using other power bank


4) How long do I need to charge the power bank?
It’s depending on the REAL CAPACITY of the power bank. The larger REAL CAPACITY, the longer charging time may required. Different charging methods may result different charging time as well. Charging with the original charger will be faster than charging with computer usb port.


5) Why sometime I need longer time to charge the same power bank?
Even though using the same charging method, the charging time may be differ due to environment,tem
perature, power flow and etc


6) What is mAh?
mAh mean milli Ampere Hour, the capacity of the power bank is measure with mAh


7) A 12000mAh REAL CAPACITY power bank, able to charge a 1500mAh capacity phone for 8 times full?
This is a common mistake make by most of the people. For rough calculation of the total charge time, kindly use this formula
REAL CAPACITY * conversion rate * phone battery health / phone capacity = total charge times
EXAMPLE: 12000 x 0.8 x 0.8 / 1500 = 5.12 charge times (0.5-1 times plus minus)


8) What’s conversation rate?
Conversation rate is the remaining percentage of the battery after the battery lost in heat or PCB operation.


9) What’s phone battery health?
In simple, it’s mean how‘healthy’ your phone battery is. Phone battery storage capacity will be lower and lower. That’s also the reason why our phone can last longer when it’s newly bought than after 3-6 months we used it. Different mobile phone models also will affect the calculation as some phone drain battery faster than the other.


10) What’s PCB?
PCB means Printed Circuit Board,its control all the operation flow inside the power bank. A good quality PCB will allow the power bank to charge more and have better durability
Source: Internet

What is the difference between product development, application development, and software development?

A product is something that is built and sold to clients. Product development involves understanding both the requirements of your clients and your own technology constraints in order to design and build a product with the best possible feature set while minimizing your costs.

An application is a component of a software system. Application development involves understanding the requirement specifications and translating it into technical specifications and/or software code. This requires in depth understanding and skill in technology.

A software development role requires a good understanding of the process of building software systems in order to make it more efficient and defect free. It also requires good vision of the entire life cycle of the system to be able to plan its future evolution and shape it to the benefit of your organization.

Boom of Andriod

Android is currently leading the market on all mobile devices across the world. But Lets try to understand why it is booming today.

A lot have been discussed on who will the race of Mobile OS. Since Microsoft's OS taken a back seat. now the race is all between Apple vs. Android.

I have collected some details about both and put together in this blog for better understanding. Much has been written about the key strengths and weaknesses of the two platforms — with everything from design, to openness, to fragmentation serving as fodder for debate between the two sides.

What can’t be argued is that the two platforms have a strikingly different approach to UI, with Apple providing its own, highly refined solution, and Android countering with more flexibility and options from third parties.

The way in which Android allows developers to imagine all new ways to interact with the mobile phone is a particularly interesting area of development. The innovation and entrepreneurship in the space offers a unique look into ways that mobile computing may evolve in the future. By default, the various launchers, homes screens, overlays, and other Android interface solutions have to provide a unique take in order to stand out from the default Android or OEM offering.

drupe adds an overlay meant to put your contacts in the spotlight. The makers of the app believe the current mobile experience is too focused on apps despite the fact that most of the actions users take on phones are interactions with other people. Whether its calls, text messages, or social posts, these conversations float across multiple people — but are usually with the same people.

The drupe interface places dots over your screen at all times serving as an invisible access point, enabling you to use it whenever you want. drupe’s display has your contacts on one side and your apps on the other, all in one screen, so when you want to interact, you simply swipe the desired contact to the app you want to use.

Additionally, drupe enables you to create a drupe group and communicate with it across apps. Beyond that, drupe analyzes your usage and predicts who you’d like to communicate with by dynamically building and updating your ‘favorites’ list. It also lets you see a unified recent log in a cross-app manner and search for contacts from all your apps.

Start – Get to the stuff you use most, faster

Start allows users to get to the apps and information they want, as quickly as possible — right from the phone’s start screen. Whether it’s the most used apps, information, or news, users can access it all in one place. The app is highly customizable so users can create the experience they are looking for.

Additionally, Start just rolled out a big new feature — lockgames. This means you don’t even have to unlock your phone when you want to pass some time playing with your phone. Think of these small, light games as the new modern version of doodling on a legal pad. This is perfect for those moments in meetings when a coworker has been rambling on for a little bit too long.

Expect to see Smart on a lot more phones — the developer has teamed up with leading mobile operators to bring Smart to millions of devices, offering these partners new ways to engage with their users.
The idea behind cover is that your phone should change depending on your context. So you should see one set of information and apps in the morning, and a second set when you arrive to work. The app learns your patterns and behavior so you should have the information you need, when you need it.

Cover also provides functionality for the lock screen letting users take a peek into apps without having to open up their phones. This should speed up the whole process of staying up-to-date with the flood of information coming into your phone.

Aviate – See the information you need at the right moment

Perhaps one of the best signs that this space is making waves is the entrance of the other big tech players. Aviate is an Android launcher that was gobbled up by Yahoo!. It takes the same focus on organizing apps and proving information in context as some of the other players on this list, but it now has the backing of one the first innovators of the Internet. It also shows that the traditional web companies are looking for a stronger foothold on users’ phones.

Whatever you think of the battle between Android and iOS, it’s worth it to pay attention to the innovation coming from these UI innovators. They are playing on the edge of mobile innovation, looking for the next big UI shift and hopefully getting there first.

Credits: Forbes.com

GB and Gb- what is the difference?

For those who don't understand the difference between 2Gb and 2GB.
2GB = 2 GigaBytes ie 2048 MegaBytes(MB)
on the other hand
2 Gb = 2 GigaBits ie 256 MegaBytes(MB) [ 2048/8 = 256 ]

as 1 Byte = 8 bits

Basics of Networking

What is a firewall?
defines a firewall as "a system or group of systems that enforces an access control policy between two networks." In the context of home networks, a firewall typically takes one of two forms:

Software firewall - specialized software running on an individual computer, or
Network firewall - a dedicated device designed to protect one or more computers.

Both types of firewall allow the user to define access policies for inbound connections to the computers they are protecting. Many also provide the ability to control what services (ports) the protected computers are able to access on the Internet (outbound access). Most firewalls intended for home use come with pre-configured security policies from which the user chooses, and some allow the user to customize these policies for their specific needs.

What are TCP and UDP Ports?

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and UDP (User Datagram Protocol) are both protocols that use IP. Whereas IP allows two computers to talk to each other across the Internet, TCP and UDP allow individual applications (also known as "services") on those computers to talk to each other.

In the same way that a telephone number or physical mail box might be associated with more than one person, a computer might have multiple applications (e.g. email, file services, web services) running on the same IP address. Ports allow a computer to differentiate services such as email data from web data. A port is simply a number associated with each application that uniquely identifies that service on that computer. Both TCP and UDP use ports to identify services. Some common port numbers are 80 for web (HTTP), 25 for email (SMTP), and 53 for Dmain Name System (DNS).

What are static and dynamic addressing?

Static IP addressing occurs when an ISP permanently assigns one or more IP addresses for each user. These addresses do not change over time. However, if a static address is assigned but not in use, it is effectively wasted. Since ISPs have a limited number of addresses allocated to them, they sometimes need to make more efficient use of their addresses.

Dynamic IP addressing allows the ISP to efficiently utilize their address space. Using dynamic IP addressing, the IP addresses of individual user computers may change over time. If a dynamic address is not in use, it can be automatically reassigned to another computer as needed.

What is an IP address?
IP addresses are analogous to telephone numbers – when you want to call someone on the telephone, you must first know their telephone number. Similarly, when a computer on the Internet needs to send data to another computer, it must first know its IP address. IP addresses are typically shown as four numbers separated by decimal points, or “dots”. For example, 10.24.254.3 and 192.168.62.231 are IP addresses.

If you need to make a telephone call but you only know the person’s name, you can look them up in the telephone directory (or call directory services) to get their telephone number. On the Internet, that directory is called the Domain Name System, or DNS for short. If you know the name of a server, say www.cert.org, and you type this into your web browser, your computer will then go ask its DNS server what the numeric IP address is that is associated with that name.

Every computer on the Internet has an IP address associated with it that uniquely identifies it

BITPro UG 7th Anniversay Event on 7th Jan 2012 Saturday, January 7, 2012

BangaloreITpro's 7th Anniversary Celebration Event Invite.

BITpro's 7th Anniversary Celebrations
		7th Jan 2012
Agenda
Time	Speaker	Topics
9.00AM – 9.30PM	Registration
9.30AM – 10.15AM	TBD	Keynote
10.15AM – 11.00AM	TBD	TBD
11.00AM - 11.30AM	Tea Break
11.30AM - 12.15PM	Mr.Aviraj, Microsoft Evangelist	TBD
11.30AM - 12.15PM	Mr.Ravikanth Chaganti, Dell R&D	PowerShell 3.0 features in Windows 8 and Windows 8 Server
1.00PM - 2.00PM	Lunch Break
2.00PM - 2.45PM	Mr.Anand MS, Microsoft India	Private Cloud Architecture Design & Demos
2.45PM - 3.30PM	Mr. Gaurav Anand, Microsoft MVP	Windows Server 8 Preview
3.30PM - 4.00PM	Tea Break
4.00PM - 4.45PM	Dr.Pavanaja, ExcelSoft	Microsoft Indic in Windows 7 and Windows 8            (নমস্কার! नमस्ते! ನಮಸ್ಕಾರ! സ്വാഗതം! வணக்கம்! నమస్కారము!)
4.55PM - 5.30PM	Community Award ceremony & Closing Note

Venue: JSS Auditorium
1st Main, Jayanagar VII Block, Kanakapura Road
Jayanagar VII Block
Bangalore 560011
More info avail at UG site: http://bitpro.in
Contact UG team mail id: info@bitpro.in

Bitpro UG Meet on 24th Dec 2011 Saturday, December 24, 2011

BangalroeITPro User Group Meeting Invite

		24th Dec 2011
Agenda
Time	Speaker	Topics
3.00PM – 3.15PM	Registration
3.15PM – 4.15PM	Ashish Gulati, Dell India (R&D)	Laptops, Desktops, Workstations : Deploying, Configuring and Maintaining Dell Business Client Systems using Dell tools (CCTK, OMCI)
4.15PM - 4.30PM	Tea Break
4.30PM – 5.30PM	Mr.Sriramajayam Samannan,  Asst. Consultant, TCS	Microsoft Application Virtualization (App-V)
5.30PM – 6.00PM	Kaliyan S	Closing note

 Venue: Mistral Software Pvt Ltd,
Near Domlur Flyover, Koramangala Innner Ring Road,Bangalore.
More details avail at our gorup site http://bitpro.in
UG contact email id: info@bitpro.in

Bengaluru, Karnataka
India

Saturday, December 24, 2011 from 3:00 PM to 6:00 PM (PT)

 

eLagaan Startup Camp: Fund Raising & Legal compliance - Bangalore

eLagaan Startup Camp is an event to gather insights and interact with industry experts & leaders. This is not meant for showcasing ideas and products but rather brainstorm & learn from experts to benefit from their experience to help build/run a successful start up.

Many start ups fail, not because they didn't have the right product or service, but because either they raised fund at the wrong time from the wrong investor in wrong terms, OR they didn't have an exit strategy, OR even worse they didn't have a proper legal structure to make the company fund able or sale able.
The Camp will touch base on these aspects from people who have made it happen, and then followed by strong panel to see both sides of the coin.

The event is targeted towards entrepreneurs & wannabe entrepreneurs. Registration is completely FREE, so Register Now at http://elagaan.com/startupcamp

RSVP at the following places to connect with other attendees & Speakers:
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/events/215807888497452/
Linkedin: http://linkd.in/vkfjyD

AGENDA:
9:00 AM Registration & Networking
9:30 AM Get funded! Right funding at right time and right source
10:15 AM Legal consideration during Business lifecycle
11:15 AM Panel: To fund or not to fund
12:00 PM What does it take to sell a company

For list of speakers & details of the event please visit http://elagaan.com/startupcamp

Saturday, January 7, 2012

ABOUT ELAGAAN:
eLagaan offers end to end CA, CS, Business legal & Payroll services for startups & growing companies. It specialises in formulating investor friendly structures & terms, staying compliant, setting up best practices desired by founders, investors & employees. This facilitates companies to grow & scale with ease and stay fundable and saleable. Learn more about eLagaan at : http://elagaan.com/

Mark Zuckerberg wants Facebook's minimum age limit to go

Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg wants kids younger than 13 years on Facebook.

 Speaking at NewSchools Summit in the US, Zuckerberg said that younger children should be allowed on the site for education purposes.

According to a news report on Fortune, the Facebook CEO said that in the future, software and technology will enable people to learn a lot from their fellow students.

Presently, Facebook allows only people aged 13 and above to sign up for the site. However, it is quite esay to get around this as Consumer Reports recently reported that there are approximately 7.5 million underage kids on Facebook. However, Zuckerberg seems determined to change this. 'That will be a fight we take on at some point,' he said according to Fortune. He said that his philosophy is that for education one needs to start at a really, really young age.

He pointed out that due to restrictions we haven't even begun this learning process. According to

the article, he says that if allowed, Facebook will ensure that kids are safe on Facebook. 'If they're lifted then we'd start to learn what works. We'd take a lot of precautions to make sure that they (younger kids) are safe,' he reportedly said.

Interestingly, Facebook chief technology officer Bret Taylor recently appeared before US Congress, where he was grilled about underage kids on the site.

In March in a statement, Facebook said that it removes about 20,000 profiles from the site per day for a variety of policy violations, including spam, inappropriate content and underage use.

Lets meet youngest hacker,Jake Essman,14 year old Self Taught Hacker

Jake Essman a 14-Year-Old Self Taught Hacker is a New York native. A student at the United Nations School, teamed up with fellow engineers Jesse Leone, William Li, and  Feliks Beygel to create “buyby”,a shopping search engine. BuyBy is fairly simple—you use the site to find where a product is located at a store. So you could search for a ‘Red t-shirt’ and the search engine will not only show you a list of online stores that have that product, But it will also show you stores that sell the product nearby your location by considering your physical location based on your IP address.

Essman, who has been coding since he was ten, says that he decided to come to the TechCrunch Disrupt Hackathon(held at New York on 22^nd May 2011) at the urging of his Mom., Essman says that coding is a hobby, and this isn’t the first site he’s created. “RantingOutLoud” ,a forum where anyone can can complain about anything, is a also Jake Essman project. What’s more, he essentially taught himself how to code.

But for Essman, coding is still just a hobby and at this point, his career aspirations lie in the field of medicine as his goal is to become a doctor.

More information:

 http://ve.s76lqt75.vesrv.com/

RantingOutLoud: http://rantingoutloud.com/index.php